The Moral Principles of Premarital Sex free essay sample

Having solid parental impact can likewise emphatically influence the results of pre-adulthood and causal sex. Also, marriage can be helpless against the activities of pre-marriage sex, which can prompt interruption or separation. Easygoing sex is a way people utilize each other as minor articles and to fulfill one’s sexual wants prompting lost duty. Easygoing sex is characterized as having to a greater extent an attention on physical fulfillment then passionate and coming up short on a feeling of duty. It can likewise be a concurrence with a more interesting or different accomplices that goes on for an extensive stretch of time (â€Å"Casual Sex,† 2011). The normal age of the principal sexual experience is at 17. 7 years as indicated by Hyde (2005). The main sexual experience is incredibly significant and sexual articulation can be shaped dependent on experience. Conventional considering sex has gotten uncommon, less preferred and not socially acknowledged. Perspectives in the public arena have changed, making sex progressively mainstream and less censured (Martin, 2003). We will compose a custom article test on The Moral Principles of Premarital Sex or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Blame and outrage are regularly symptoms of easygoing sex, alongside lost duty for long haul connections, marriage frequently being disturbed, prompting the end pre-marriage sex isn't fitting in any methods and ought not be drilled. American grown-ups who said easygoing sex wasn't right as finished up to 75% or the populace in 1969. In the 1980’s, 33-37% of American grown-ups said pre-marriage sex wasn't right diminishing by about 40%. These adjustments in the American culture have happened as a result of the substitution of traditionalist ages from the mid twentieth century to an increasingly liberal age later the century. The variances of assessment are additionally because of the age and social changes of every age, adjusting the perspectives on individuals simultaneously (Harding amp; Jencks, 2003). The conventional lessons of Christianity were not, at this point steady with the people’s faith in America at this point and it is conceivable the connection between these convictions and strict perspectives changed after some time (Petersen amp; Donnenwerth, 1997). This regular acknowledgment of  premarital sex that is happening despite everything has the basic issue of whether it is, truth be told, morally good to partake in easygoing sex and the impacts among ladies and men. Do Men’s and Women’s Effects Differ? As indicated by Else-Quest, Hyde, and DeLamater, men are bound to have easygoing sex to get physical fulfillment while ladies are bound to do it for closeness and to improve the relationship (2005). People may encounter sexual action contrastingly due to the distinctions in their contents, which are found out systems about sex. Men’s sexuality tends to not be exposed to relationship factors bringing about a distinction in experience by the two sexes. Some contend that these sexual encounters are significant for person’s sexual contents to create in light of the fact that it permits them to arrange the request for sexual acts and get familiar with the fitting reactions and practices. In any case, these contents that are contended as permitting easygoing sex to proceed, don't generally create positive results. After some time, blame can emerge because of a hopeless encounter and could develop into sexual brokenness with long haul impacts. It is almost certain for ladies in this general public to create blame as a result of seeing easygoing sex approaching adoration. In any case, again it has been indicated that blame, strain, need or regard, and shame follows the activity of easygoing sex (â€Å"Premarital sex,: 2002-2012). Subsequently, regardless of whether there might be an inspiration for easygoing sex in light of creating one’s content or satisfying a man’s physical fulfillment and a women’s closeness in a relationship, there are the equivalent enthusiastic impacts and negative results that come about because of making part in pre-marriage sex.An move that was ethically right would not have egative passionate and mental outcomes, which would finish up easygoing sex was not proposed to be done before marriage. There is likewise another ramification for taking part in easygoing sex, for example, aggravation in later marriage. Sexual contents can be composed preceding marriage, giving information about their own capacities, prompting a steady marriage since they might have the option to settle on progressively educated de cisions concerning marriage. It is likewise likely for somebody to misconstrue physical closeness with passionate potential, prompting interruption in marriage and settle on more regrettable conjugal decisions (Kahn, London, 1991). How is Marriage Effected? In today’s society, young people have a constructive conclusion about dwelling together before marriage. The perspective on marriage as an establishment has blurred and dwelling together has taken another piece of this culture (Martin, Specter, Martin, amp; Martin, 2003). It has frequently been addressed whether pre-marriage sexual action makes relationships be upset. As indicated by Teachman, Premarital sex and dwelling together has not been seen as associated with conjugal disturbance whenever constrained to a woman’s spouse (2003). Be that as it may, Kahn and London disprove this.

The Moment that Changed My Life Essay Example For Students

The Moment that Changed My Life Essay Like each family, my family has consistently had good and bad times, bliss and distress. My family has consistently been joined together and an entirety. In contrast to other deplorable kids, my folks are together and have consistently demonstrated my kin and I appreciation. My folks have consistently been exceptionally conventional and have encouraged us habits and how to be skilled and instructed youngsters. In any case, in particular, theyve instructed us that family consistently starts things out over anything. A day after my fourteenth birthday celebration, my family and I were preparing to go to Mexico for winter break. We were totally eager to at last go to Mexico and be with our relatives for these special seasons. Nonetheless, the state of mind in my home changed in a moment. My mother has consistently been home and there for us when we need her. She has consistently been less severe and firm than my father, however she despite everything requests regard. Both my mother and father have given us full trust as a byproduct of our regard and conduct. Be that as it may, at that point, my oldest sister overlooked everything theyd instructed us. My oldest sister was twenty-one at that point. She went to Cal State Fullerton, was in her last year of school, and was supposed to be a developed grown-up. We will compose a custom paper on The Moment that Changed My Life explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now In any case, my folks discovered that she was misleading them. I recall the date being December 19 when the reality of the situation was uncovered. Following quite a while of falsehoods, my folks discovered that my sister was going out with a man who might bring no advantages into her life. The man she was seeing had no training above secondary school, was separated, and had a girl. The issue was that back in May my folks had just restricted her from seeing him any longer. She was sorry to my folks and guaranteed that she would cut off her association. Seven months passed by and evidently she didnt. For my folks, sister, and I, her falsehood was a significant offense on the grounds that weve consistently been there for one another, regardless. Some portion of the issue was the person she was seeing, however what truly felt like a double-crossing was that she discarded all the trust we had as a family. That night of December 19, when my folks discovered, they had blended feelings. They were grief stricken, yet extremely irate. My fathers first response was to give her the choice of going out or cutting off her association. Her choice was stunning for me, yet she chose to leave following the contention. I didnt imagine that my fathers choice wasn't right. I really regarded his sentiment since I felt like she underestimated what my folks had accomplished for us consistently. After my sister left, we had a discussion as a family. We concurred and understood that it was her choice. My father said that he was disturbed and frustrated, however that he wouldnt abandon my most youthful sister and I. As a family, we concurred that we needed to continue proceeding to proceed onward. Be that as it may, she was still piece of our family and had our blood. Everybody commits an error sooner or later throughout everyday life and we couldnt walk out on her much after her misstep. Around three days after she withdrew, probably the closest companion called to tell us that she was fine and now living with a similar person. After the contention or predicament, we didnt have a lot of eagerness to go to Mexico any longer, yet my mother convinced us to go. She demanded that it would be a remarkable method to disregard the issue for a second. The excursion was cumbersome in light of the fact that everybody got some information about my sister. My folks didnt need the issue to be known, so they lied and said that she was working and couldnt go. .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f , .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f .postImageUrl , .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f , .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f:hover , .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f:visited , .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f:active { border:0!important; } .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f:active , .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f:hover { obscurity: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content beautification: underline; } .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content adornment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ub7 ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ub7ad5553d90eede579ddaae5e4988c2f:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Character Analysis: The Darker Face of the Earth EssayOur break in Mexico was a remarkable encounter and I am grateful that my father acknowledged my mothers suggestion. At the point when we came back from our outing, we didn't hear anything from or about her. A year has passed by since the situation and she is scarcely beginning to converse with my folks. My folks and my most youthful sister are attempting to coexist with her once more. I, then again, am not entirely certain about how I feel. I now and again need to take my fathers exhortation and converse with her once more, however in some cases I dont. Here and t here I feel fierceness and outrage since she favored somebody, who tomorrow will most likely not be there, over her own blood. I miss her, I truly do, she was my sister, my good example, and my sly accomplice. However, she didnt care that she was everything for me or that I gave her all my trust. Now and then I consider this and dont know whether I should mind or not. I would adore for everything to have returned to typical, yet she was the purpose behind the days I saw my family cried tears, for the loss of expectation in my life, and in particular for me, losing trust in everybody. This second in my life has been likely the more terrible of all. My sisters choices have influenced me. Seeing my family endure the manner in which they did is an encounter I dont need to remember. On the brilliant side however, I learned a significant exercise. In the first place, I figured out how to acknowledge what our folks accomplish for us. I additionally figured out how to consistently take at the top of the priority list what theyve experienced to be the place they are for us today. This second likewise helped me understand that family is a higher priority than I used to think. We have to value them and take hold of them regularly of our lives. By the day's end, family is the main thing that will be close to you until the end.

Blog Looks On The iPhone

Check How Your Website/Blog Looks On The iPhone Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Check How Your Website/Blog Looks On The iPhoneUpdated On 11/08/2017Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : WebsitesShort URL : https://hbb.me/2uMbVVH CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogNot every blogger owns iPhone, but they do have a blog which gets quite some good visits from iPhone. So optimizing your websites and blogs for iPhone is a good thing, and that might also improve your brand and increases traffic. You can either optimize it completely or create an iPhone app for your blog.Below I mentioned 2 useful web based iPhone simulators which will be useful for you to check how your sites look on Apple iPhone. You can also try iPhoney, but this one is desktop based.Web Based Apple iPhone Simulators#1 TestiPhone : This is a web browser based simulator for quickly testing your iPhone web applications. This tool has been so far tested and working using Internet Explorer 7, FireF ox 2 and Safari 3.#2 iPhone 3G/4G Tester : This is another web based iPhone simulator. To test your pages more accurately use the latest version of Safari. This simulator is an iPhone 3G/4G iPod Touch tester.You can also test your mobile site with these simulators. If you check your analytics you will be surprised to know how many people visit your blog from mobile/handheld devices. If you know any other online iPhone simulator, kindly share them here.READ4 Steps To Prepare Your Blog Before Guest Posting

What Are Gmos Or Genetically Modified Organisms - 1230 Words

What are GMOs? Elijah A. Padron Jr. February 8, 2016 Module 3 Project What are GMOs? The word GMOs or genetically modified organisms is being used a lot in the media and politics. Many may wonder what exactly GMOs are? By definition GMOs are organisms whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. This may include the mutation, insertion, or deletion of genes. Hearing that may make many individuals not want to eat anything that has been missed with in that manner. Around ten thousand years ago when man realized they didn’t have to chase there food around they could grow it. They then started manipulated Food and animals. Every living thing has DNA which has chromosomes and genes and we as people have been messing with them since man learned to farm food with selective breeding. Although food industries argue that genetic engineering is just an extension of traditional breeding, which humans have been doing for thousands of years. Many questions people have are, can GMOs be bad for us? How common are GMOs? What is the differenc e between genetically engineered plants and plants altered through natural hybridization processes? The effects of eating genetically engineered foods are still unknown. Studies that led to the market release of certain genetically modified seeds were conducted by the same companies and the data have not been released for the public to see. One of the reasons for developing plants based on GM organismsShow MoreRelatedWhat Are Genetically Modified Organism ( Gmos )?3734 Words   |  15 PagesWhat are GMOs and Why are they so controversial What are Genetically Modified Organism (GMOs)? A Genetically Modified Organism is any living that has had it’s genetics material altered through the use of genetic engineering. (Dictionary.com) This alteration usually involves taking one living thing’s genetic material, such as DNA, and inserting it into another organism. It is part of an ever growing field of science called genetic engineering. Most of the time that you hear about genetic engineeringRead MoreGenetic Engineering : Genetically Modified Organisms1485 Words   |  6 PagesA genetically modified organism, or â€Å"GMO,† is defined as being, â€Å"an organism or microorganism whose genetic material has been altered by means of genetic engineering.† This process is often used in plants and animals to produce desirable attributes. In the past, a plant with a desired attribute would be bred, by using selective breeding, to yield more plants with that desirable attribute. Now with the advancement of genetic engineering, this technique can be p erformed in a laboratory by moving orRead MoreLabeling For The Health Of Americans1601 Words   |  7 PagesAceto Prof. Piero Composition II 29 April 2016 GMOs: Labelling to Protect the Health of Americans Approximately eighty percent of food eaten in the United States contains GMOs, but not many people know what they are actually consuming from their food sources (Prah). Genetically modified organism, also known as genetically modified organisms engineered in a lab by scientists that alter the genes of plants and animals. By fixating DNA from other organisms into America’s food sources, they create substancesRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms And Organic Organisms Essay1578 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract In this brief, the reader will see how organic and genetically modified organisms are viewed and interpreted. They will see the â€Å"facts† about the genetically modified organisms and organic organism, and how producers and consumers view this. The reader will be able to understand what is actually happening to genetically modified organisms and organic organisms during the production and when it is getting processed. They will also learn about certified organic and the USDA organic and howRead MoreBenefits Of Genetically Modified Organisms982 Words   |  4 PagesMMS 333 Public Relations and Marketing Prof. Carney GMO Pro-Con Assignment Introduction Created by splicing genes, Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) are organisms formed from biotechnology techniques (Millis, 2006). Many people have recently become concerned by the rising popularity of the GMO products. The central debate which has attracted controversy is whether the GMOs are beneficial or rather harmful to humankind. The embracement of GMOs as part of us has attracted as much support as criticismsRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms And The Food Supply1642 Words   |  7 Pagescommunities approval and it still continues today. Genetically modified organisms have contaminated the food supply. â€Å"A GMO (genetically modified organism) is the result of a laboratory process where genes from the DNA of one species are extracted and artificially forced in the genes of an unrelated plant or animal† (Seeds of Deception). The results have no health benefits, only financial benefits to the companies that produce them. The genetically modified organisms of animal s or plants today hurt the environmentRead MoreThe Issue Of Genetically Modified Organisms Essay1043 Words   |  5 Pages Genetically Modified Organisms, also known as GMOs, is one of the major issues arising in our economy today. GMOs are distinctive organisms in which the genetic material has been altered to improve productivity and the quality of the product. Genetically modified organisms have prominent concerns over their apparent beneficial ways in that they’re resistant to disease, help the epidemic of famine, and improve the nutritional value of foods. Having certain foods in your everyday diet isRead MoreMarketing Schemes Of Monsanto, Major U.s. Pharmaceutical Corporations And Food Manufacturing Companies1572 Words   |  7 Pageswant to know if they are consuming food or using products containing Genetically Modified Organisms, GMO, according to the consumer reports organization. GMOs are organisms whose genetic material has been artificially manipula ted in a laboratory through genetic engineering, or GE, according to the non-GMO project website. (nongmo project, what is a gmo) Scientist insert, delete, or switch the DNA in certain organisms. Those organisms may be able to live longer, speed up the growth process, or withstandRead MoreInformative Speech : Genetically Modified Organisms1535 Words   |  7 PagesJenna Persky Persuasive Speech Outline Topic: GMOs (genetically modified organisms) Audience: Speech class of students ranging from freshman to seniors, some may have prior knowledge of GMOs. General Purpose: To Persuade Specific Purpose: To persuade the people to stop eating GMO’s and eat organically. Thesis Statement: These human and environmental consequences are what lead people to eat organically. Today, there are a few points I would like to discuss with you all. 1) Introduction A) AttentionRead MoreBenefits Of Genetically Modified Foods1725 Words   |  7 Pagesmatter what it is, there is controversy. There are always the pros and the cons. In recent years, genetically modified food has become more and more common. Yet, by becoming more common, they are also becoming a more debated topic. While most people think of the negative aspects of genetically modified foods, there are many advantages that people do not know about. Basically, people are afraid of what they don’t know. According to Nature.com, genetically modified organisms are organisms where â€Å"we

‘Bowling Alone The Collapse and Revival of American...

‘Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community’ by Robert Putnam In his book, ‘Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community’, Robert Putnam discusses ways in which Americans have disengaged from political involvement and civil organisations. Much of his reasoned writing is corroborated by a collation of graphs and figures to explain the quality of American community. In this essay I shall evaluate the proof offered by Putnam to support his claim that community is in a decline in the U.S. To do this I must first provide a working definition of ‘community,’ a term with wide implications and varied definitions depending on the context of its usage. Putnam uses it†¦show more content†¦Census Bureau (Associated Press, 1991). Otherwise known as suburbanisation or urban sprawl, Putnam is critical of this trend and goes so far as to call it ‘deadly for a community’ (Putnam, 2003). He argues that as people live further from their place of work they spend more and more time commuting betwee n the two, thus reducing the time they have to develop relationships and community ties at either end and creating a conflict of allegiance where it is unclear where you should be basing your community. IT and transportation developments have habitually been seen to lift people out of their reliance on local community and can further differentiate home life and work life from each other and from the wider community. Wirth predicted the major problems and dissatisfactions of people living in suburbs in the 1930s, arguing that they were becoming depersonalized, isolated and alienating, the lack of distance between people leading to a ‘melting-pot’ effect whereby primary relationships are broken down (Wirth, 1964). These ideas were taken up by Whyte who believed the suburbs attracted a particular type of person, a white-collar worker who transformed the suburb into the home of the alienated man. However, it could be argued that issues regarding a person’s place of residence remain at the heart of the population’s concerns,Show MoreRelatedThe Collapse And Revival Of American Community By Robert Putnam1382 Words   |  6 Pages In his famous book Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community, Robert Putnam charted the decline in social capital and social institutions since the 1950s while arguing that a vibrant and successful democracy ultimately requires significant engagement from a wide segment of its population. This argument was something that even concerned Tocqueville (2006) regarding the American Experiment. Tocqueville marveled in the strengths of organizations such as the church in America. HoweverRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book David Garland 1513 Words   |  7 Pagesout; but if the heat is turned up gradually, it sits there without noticing until it boils to death. In our case - our in the book refers to Britain and the United Stat es - most of us have failed to notice a quite rapid turning-up of the heat. Americans, Garland observes, now seem accustomed to living in a country that executes an average of more than two people per week and has a prison population of more than 2 million. Britons, with extraordinarily little protest, have adjusted to living withRead MoreThe Internet s Impact On Social Capital1375 Words   |  6 Pagesdefinition of social capital must be clarified. Former president of the American Political Science Association, Robert Putnam explains in his book Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community that â€Å"social capital refers to connections among individuals† and the mutual benefits that arise from these connections- a society with remunerative or moral â€Å"isolated individuals is not necessarily rich in social capital† (Putnam 18). To assess the Internet’s impact on social capital the ways ofRead MoreSocial Capital Essay3082 Words   |  13 PagesSocial Capital Social capital has gained tremendous popularity in recent years, driven in large part by the work of James Coleman, Pierre Bourdieu, and Robert Putaman. This increased attention for social capital is evident among several research topics, conference papers, dissertations, and educational journals. Social capital is the name given to a store of value generated when a group of individuals invests resources in fosteringRead MoreThe Role of the Media in Influencing Political Attitudes in a Democracy2208 Words   |  9 Pagessource of countervailing information depending on the candidate the media supports. Putnam’s argument Putnam views political awareness from the generation point of view. Depending on the year a person was born and the different factors that surrounded the birthdate so is the person’s level of political awareness. There has been declining level of political awareness since the World War II (Putnam, 114). The lack of political engagement can be attributed to lack of galvanizing the people to a commonRead MoreIncome Inequality in the United States Essay3271 Words   |  14 Pagesdemocratically governed counties. The idea of the American dream is that all citizens have equal civil liberties and a responsive government. However the effectiveness of democracy is being threatened by increasing inequality in the United States. â€Å"The dominant view holds that economic development and modernization are the key to the continued growth of democracy† (Snider and Faris 2001; United Nations, 2011). In the last decade especially the American Society has had significant moments of increasingRead MoreWhat Is Entertainment?7217 Words   |  29 Pagesâ€Å"republic of entertainment† (11). Many Americans seem to feel entitled to high-quality entertainment (Zillmann and Vorderer viii), and more and more entertainment jostles for their attention (Wolf 46). Zillmann goes so far as to predict that entertainment â€Å"will define, more than ever before, the civilizations to come† (â€Å"Coming of Media Entertainment† 18). The importance of entertainment can be gauged by a study conducted by Brock and Livingston (259). They asked 115 American undergraduates how much moneyRead MoreFactors Affecting Good Governance in Pakistan5795 Words   |  24 Pagesassociations enhance the capacity of people to work together. By helping residents to overcome combined action problems, trust and membership in voluntary associations are recognized as important factors in building the basis for responsive governance (Putnam 1993, 2000). World Bank has described the concept of good governance in various dimensions such as rule of law, government effectiveness, regulatory quality and control of corruption. These dimensions cover the whole society and economic sectors ofRead MoreFactors Influence Consumer Adoption Of Dropbox5973 Words   |  24 Pagessame time frame, as the sharing economy continues its stunning rise. These key sectors – peer-to-peer finance, online staffing, peer-to-peer accommodation, car sharing and music/video streaming – are continuing to grow at a rapid rate. Economist Robert Vaughn believe that the economy is showing no sign of slowing down. Vaughn explains, â€Å"the sharing economy is a result of a long term megatrends colliding together, driven mainly by advances in technology, resources scarcity and social change. OverRead MoreDissertation-Viral Marketing27075 Words   |  109 Pages ï‚ § The vast majority of developing world yet to adopt smart phones (India hasn’t even start deploying 3G infrastructure yet) ï‚ § New business and revenue models are continuously emerging (Mobile Ad market was worth $877 million in the US alone and is predicted to rise to $3bn by 2013 (Kim 2010) ) ï‚ § The smart phone penetration is growing rapidly (Alarcon 2009) (Blandford 2010) This change is happening at a fast pace (Perez 2010) and there is little written about the particular challenges

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. - 916 Words

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. left a legacy behind like no man before him; his presence was one that completely reshaped the nation. Through his role in the advancement of civil rights by utilizing non-violent methods, he was able to break down the racial barriers built by prejudice and discrimination. Many of his ideals and principles are timeless. His widespread vision is still applied to resolve many issues in today’s society. The six principals of nonviolence from Dr. King are great tools to resolve many problems like racism, an unequal justice system and a huge financial gap that minorities experience. There is no simple approach to create a world in which men and women of all distinctive races and backgrounds can live together equally in harmony because of their various viewpoints. If such a world is created in our lifetime, it must be accomplished through nonviolence which fabricates companionship and comprehension. It will be accomplished by persons who have the courage to put an end to suffering by willingly suffering themselves rather than inflict suffering upon others. Prejudice and discrimination can only be solved by dismissing the racism, materialism and brutality that has characterized Western civilization progress. By removing these restraints, society can begin to move in a positive direction of a universe of fellowship, collaboration and peace. The criminal justice system creates and supports a racial hierarchy in the United States, and has done suchShow MoreRelatedDr. Martin Luther King Jr.658 Words   |  3 PagesIndividual Project Martin Luther King Jr. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. inspired myself along with many other nationalities all over the world in so many ways. He was a very courageous and intelligent man who fought so hard for the blacks or African-Americans like myself to have equal rights like the whites or Caucasian people. Just as other civil rights leaders such as Rosa Parks, Dr. King felt that it just wasn’t fair that the black people was segregatedRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay871 Words   |  4 Pages Dr. Martin Luther King Jr was born in Atlanta Georgia on January 15, 1929. His parents were Reverend Martin Luther King Sr. and Alberta Williams King. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and his siblings were guided by the spiritual teachings from their father and attended public schools in Atlanta during their childhood. King and his nine siblings grew up in a financially secure middle class family. They received a better education than the average child of their race, King noticed this and it influencedRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is unarguably the most famous civil rights900 Words   |  4 Pages Martin Luther King Jr. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is unarguably the most famous civil rights activist in American history. His story and legacy is taught in classrooms across the country. From birth to death, Dr. King impacted the lives of many people and changed the roles of society forever. Dr. King had one big dream and what shaped his dream begins in Atlanta,, Georgia, and ends in Memphis, Tennessee. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was born into a loving and caring family on January 15, 1929 inRead More Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay2605 Words   |  11 Pages Martin Luther King Jr. King, Martin Luther, Jr. (1929-1968), American clergyman and Nobel Prize winner, one of the principal leaders of the American civil rights movement and a prominent advocate of nonviolent protest. Kingamp;#8217;s challenges to segregation and racial discrimination in the 1950s and 1960s helped convince many white Americans to support the cause of civil rights in the United States. After his assassination in 1968, King became a symbol of protest in the struggle for racialRead MoreEssay on Leadership Skills of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.823 Words   |  4 PagesDr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Abstract This paper will analyze and study the legacy of Dr. Martin Luther King and how leadership skills helped him in accomplishing his goals. The characteristics that made Dr. King a great leader will also be addressed. By studying great leaders, insight can be gained into what qualities they possess. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was a vital figure of the modern era. His lectures and dialogues stirred the concern and sparked theRead MoreMy Hero: Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay542 Words   |  3 Pagesall portray some kind of heroic abilities. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is one the most heroic figures of our time. According to Joseph Campbells characteristics Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. has a characteristic of a hero such as, a hero is usually someone from whom something has been taken or who feels theres something lacking in the normal experience available, or permitted, to members of his society. (The Power of Myth, 1998) Dr. Martin Luther King was a man who yearned for dignity and respectRead More The Rhetoric of Pathos in the Writings of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.1141 Words   |  5 PagesThe Rhetoric of Pathos in the Writings of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. I have a dream, says Dr. Samuel Proctor, Martin Luther King, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Rutgers University. All the little children--you hear everywhere you go: I have a dream. All the little children repeating that speech. Its become like the Star Spangled Banner or the Pledge of Allegiance. Its entered our culture. And so it has: I have a dream has become one of the most memorable phrases of the twentieth centuryRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King, Jr.s Fight Essay1059 Words   |  5 PagesDr. Martin Luther King, Jr.s Fight Throughout history there have been times when citizens have had the need, as well as the responsibility, to violate certain societal rules/laws in order to protest against unjust treatment and bring about social or political change. It began as early as Socrates, who disobeyed an unjust decree against teaching his ideas, which led to his being condemned to death; Mahatma Gandhi’s fight against British rule over India; and Rosa Parks refusal to give up her seatRead MoreEssay about Biography of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.4067 Words   |  17 PagesBiography of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Jan. 15, 1929 - April 4, 1968 Nationality: American Occupation: civil rights leader Occupation: minister (religion) Michael King Jr. was born on January 15, 1929, in the Atlanta home of his maternal grandfather, Adam Daniel Williams (1863 — 1931). He was the second child and the first son of Michael King Sr. (1897 — 1984) and Alberta Christine Williams King (1903 — 1974). Michael Jr. had an older sister, Willie Christine (b. 1927), and a youngerRead MoreEssay on Dr. Martin Luther King Jr and The Civil Rights Movement2125 Words   |  9 PagesMartin Luther King jr. was one of the most influential persons of the 20th Century. He is the father of the modern civil rights movement, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., is recognized around the world as a symbol of freedom as well as peace. King practiced everything that he preached, he did not preach or speak values that he himself did not follow. He established himself as a pastor that was not afraid of hard work, guiding the middle-class congregation to public service. For example, Peake, Thomas

Behavioral Intervention Technologies Method †Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Behavioral Intervention Technologies Method. Answer: Introduction: Technology has opened great opportunities for person with mental health (Klock, 2015).. With technology, the life of persons with such conditions has been improved due to the ease of acces to services and other social amenities. Innovation has opened boundless psychological wellness support and information gathering. Cell phones like mobile phones, cell phones, and tablets are giving general society, specialists, and analysts better approaches to get to help, screen advance, and increment comprehension of mental prosperity. Versatile psychological well-being backing can be extremely basic however compelling. For instance, anybody with the capacity to send an instant message can contact an emergency focus. New innovation can likewise be bundled into a to a great degree complex application for cell phones or tablets. Such applications may utilize the gadget's inherent sensors to gather data on a client's ordinary conduct designs. In the event that the application identifies an adjustment in conduct, it might give a flag that help is required before an emergency happens. Some applications are remain solitary projects that guarantee to enhance memory or deduction abilities. Others help the client associate with a companion guide or to a social insurance proficient (Boydell, et al 2014). Fervor about the colossal scope of chances has prompted a blasted of application advancement. There are a large number of emotional wellness applications accessible in iTunes and Android application stores, and the number is developing each year. In any case, this new innovation boondocks incorporates a considerable measure of vulnerability. There is next to no industry control and almost no data on application viability, which can lead buyers to ponder which applications they ought to trust. Imaginative research and building groups are consolidating their aptitudes to address an extensive variety of psychological and mental well-being concerns. Some well known ranges of application improvement include: Self-Management Apps."Self-management" implies that the client places data into the application so that the application can give criticism. For instance, the client may set up drug updates, or utilize the application to create devices for overseeing stress, tension, or rest issues. Some product can utilize extra hardware to track heart rate, breathing examples, pulse, and so on and may help the client track advance and get input. Applications for Improving thinking skills and ability training have been introduced. Applications that help the client with psychological remediation are promising. These applications are frequently focused toward individuals with genuine emotional sicknesses. Ability preparing applications may feel more like diversions than other psychological wellness applications as they help clients learn new adapting or thinking aptitudes. The client may watch an instructive video about tension administration or the significance of social support. Next, the client may pick some new procedures to attempt and afterward utilize the application to track how regularly those new aptitudes are honed. Andersson and Titov (2014) discuss the improvement of disease Management, Supported Care has also been enhanced through technology. This kind of application innovation includes extra support by enabling the client to connect with another individual. The application may help the client interface with associate support or may send data to a prepared medicinal services supplier who can offer direction and treatment alternatives. Analysts are attempting to figure out how much human cooperation individuals requirement for application based medications to be viable. Vieta, (2013) latent Symptom Tracking technology has also been advanced. A great deal of exertion is going into creating applications that can gather information utilizing the sensors incorporated with cell phones. These sensors can record development designs, social collaborations, conduct at various circumstances of the day, vocal tone and speed, and the sky is the limit from there. Later on, applications might have the capacity to break down this information to decide the client's continuous perspective. Such applications might have the capacity to perceive changes in conduct designs that flag a temperament scene, for example, lunacy, dejection, or psychosis before it happens. An application may not supplant a psychological wellness proficient, but rather it might have the capacity to ready parental figures when a customer needs extra consideration. The objective is to make applications that bolster a scope of clients, incorporating those with genuine emotional instabilities. According to Moock, (2014) information Collection technological advancement has also been addressed. Information accumulation applications can assemble information with no assistance from the client. Accepting data from countless in the meantime can expand specialists' comprehension of emotional wellness and help them grow better intercessions. Factors considered in technological advancements Viability is one of the major concerns that need to be addressed when one is choosing a technology that helps mental health clients. The greatest worry with mechanical intercessions is acquiring logical proof that they work and that they fill in and also customary techniques. The assurance that the technology will work is a factor that motivates individuals and firms to invest on acquisition of the favorable technology. The applicability of the technology to almost all people is another concern that needs to be considered in choosing the applicable technology. Understanding whether the applications work for all individuals and for all psychological well-being conditions is important consideration in order to ensure that technology that can serve the highest target is realized. Assurance that the machinery will work and improve the conditions also needs to be questioned. There are no expansive guidelines to help purchasers know whether an application or other portable innovation is demonstrated successful. The warranty that the technology will guarantee is important in the planning of future projects, maintenance and routine practices. This may be seen to be in line with the security of the information and machinery in terms of sufficient record keeping and how they ensure the privacy of patients information as the government recommends. Apps manage extremely touchy individual data so application producers should have the capacity to ensure protection for application clients. Wexler, (2013) explains that availability of human resources to run handles the technology. The question of whether there are enough skilled personnel to operate and run the machinery is also very crucial in determining the kind of technology to adopt: The subject of who will or ought to control emotional well-being innovation and the information it produces should be replied. Lastly, the marketing ability of the technology also needs to be addressed. There is some worry that if an application or program guarantees more than it conveys, shoppers may move in the opposite direction of other, more powerful treatments. The Pros and Cons of Mental Health Apps Miller, et al (2016) technology for mental health patients has enabled the clients to enjoy comfort. Treatment can occur at whatever time and anyplace e.g., at home amidst the night or on a transport while in transit to work and might be perfect for the individuals who experience difficulty with in-person arrangements. Obscurity is another major advantage of the mental health technology. Clients can look for treatment alternatives without including other individuals. According to Kramer, Kinn, and Mishkind, (2015) another major advantage is a clear introduction to better care. Technology might be a decent initial step for the individuals who have maintained a strategic distance from emotional well-being consideration before. Cost reduction is another major advantage in the introduction of technology to mental health care. Despite the fact that technology may require too much capital to purchase and install, it still works to serve some expenditure and ends up being cost effective. Some applications are free or cost not as much as conventional care. Advancement in technology has helped to reach out to more people in terms of geographical locations and in terms of the number of people that technology is able to serve. Technology can help emotional wellness suppliers offer treatment to individuals in remote ranges or to many individuals in times of sudden need for instance, taking after a catastrophic event or fear assault. Technology is able to reach out to individuals in remote areas where transport and communication barriers are most eminent. Technology has helped to address issues of consistency and sustenance. Technology can offer a similar treatment program to all clients. This ensures minimal defects and malfunctions that may be caused by healthcare workers. Technology can supplement conventional treatment by augmenting an in-person session, strengthening new abilities, and offering help and checking. This new time of psychological wellness innovation offers extraordinary open doors additionally raises various concerns. Handling potential issues will be a vital piece of ensuring new applications give benefits without bringing on mischief. Some of the disadvantages that may be associated with these technological advancements include issues like the cost of buying and maintenance of these advanced technologies. The technology may raise the need to employ or train new workers which also raises financial constraints. Technology may also need power to run and it may not be easily mobile. In some remote areas it might be completely useless especially that which relies largely on internet access. In conclusion, it is necessary to note that mental health technology is necessary in the treatment of these disorders. Improvement in practices and methods of treating the mental disorders is necessary in ensuring complete control and elimination of these disorders. References Andersson, G., Titov, N. (2014). Advantages and limitations of Internet?based interventions for common mental disorders.World Psychiatry,13(1), 4-11. Boydell, K. M., Pignatiello, A. (2015). Special Series on the Use of Technology in the Delivery of Child and Youth Mental Health Services and Supports.Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry= Journal de l'Academie canadienne de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent,25(2), 68-68. Boydell, K. M., Hodgins, M., Pignatiello, A., Teshima, J., Edwards, H., Willis, D. (2014). Using technology to deliver mental health services to children and youth: a scoping review.Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry,23(2). Glick, G., Druss, B., Pina, J., Lally, C., Conde, M. (2016). Use of mobile technology in a community mental health setting.Journal of telemedicine and telecare,22(7), 430-435. Klock, S. C. (2015). When treatment appears futile: the role of the mental health professional and end-of-treatment counseling.Fertility and sterility,104(2), 267-270. Kramer, G. M., Kinn, J. T., Mishkind, M. C. (2015). Legal, regulatory, and risk management issues in the use of technology to deliver mental health care.Cognitive and Behavioral Practice,22(3), 258-268. Miller, C. J., McInnes, D. K., Stolzmann, K., Bauer, M. S. (2016). Interest in use of technology for healthcare among veterans receiving treatment for mental health.Telemedicine and e-Health,22(10), 847-854. Mohr, D. C., Burns, M. N., Schueller, S. M., Clarke, G., Klinkman, M. (2013). Behavioral intervention technologies: evidence review and recommendations for future research in mental health.General hospital psychiatry,35(4), 332-338. Moock, J. (2014). Support from the Internet for individuals with mental disorders: advantages and disadvantages of e-mental health service delivery.Frontiers in public health,2. Musiat, P., Goldstone, P., Tarrier, N. (2014). Understanding the acceptability of e-mental health-attitudes and expectations towards computerised self-help treatments for mental health problems.BMC psychiatry,14(1), 109. Vieta, E. (2013). Pros and cons of specialised care in bipolar disorder: an international perspective. Wexler, D. B. (2013).Mental health law: Major issues(Vol. 4). Springer Science Business Media.

Smart Netphone Case Study free essay sample

Case study: Smart’s Netphone  © VisionMobile 2011 1 Case study: Smart’s Netphone About VisionMobile VisionMobile is an industry analysis and strategy firm. We offer research reports, executive workshops and strategy at the crossroads of telecoms innovation and software economics. VisionMobile Ltd. 90 Long Acre, Covent Garden, London WC2E 9RZ +44 845 003 8742 www. visionmobile. com/blog Follow us: @visionmobile About the sponsor This case study is sponsored by Red Bend Software, a key partner behind the launch of the Smart Netphone. VisionMobile has retained full editorial control of this study. License Copyright  © VisionMobile 2011. All rights reserved. Feedback? For comments, feedback and more information: [emailprotected] com Disclaimer VisionMobile believes the statements contained in this publication to be based upon information that we consider reliable, but we do not represent that it is accurate or complete and it should not be relied upon as such. Opinions expressed are current opinions as of the date appearing on this publication only and the information, including the opinions contained herein, are subject to change without notice. We will write a custom essay sample on Smart Netphone Case Study or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Use of this publication by any third party for whatever purpose should not and does not absolve such third party from using due diligence in verifying the publication’s contents. VisionMobile disclaims all implied warranties, including, without limitation, warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. VisionMobile, its affiliates and representatives shall have no liability for any direct, incidental, special, or consequential damages or lost profits, if any, suffered by any third party as a result of decisions made, or not made, or actions taken, or not taken, based on this publication. Also by VisionMobile Mobile Industry Atlas | 4th Edition The complete map of the mobile industry landscape, mapping 1,350+ companies across 85+ market sectors. Available in wallchart and PDF format. www. visionmobile. com/maps Contents Key takeaways The Smart Netphone Behind the scenes: the making of Netphone Building on WAC technology Short tail strategy The agile telco: What other operators can learn from Smart 3 4 5 7 8 8  © VisionMobile 2011 2 Case study: Smart’s Netphone Key takeaways Smart Communications operates in a 99% pre-paid market with average revenues per user (ARPU) of only $4. Yet, it offers one of the most sophisticated service portfolios across most global operators. Offered services include mobile payments, streaming TV and a maps service. The Netphone is a bold attempt by Smart to bring smart devices and services to the mass market. The initial Netphone device is a rebranded, revamped ZTE Blade projected to launch in July, 2011, priced at an expected 120 -$140. From 2012, the Netphone will expand to feature phones at lower price points. The Netphone features a range of operator-developed apps, including prepaid balance check, unified chat, sender-pays email, connected address book, global directory, social radio, and Smart Money. The phone also comes bundled with applications from local service brands with whom Smart has established revenue share agreements for Netphone-initiated transactions. The Netphone represents a major effort for the operator, involving an internal team of 300 staff, plus tens of business partners across six countries. It aims to increase service usage in the mass market, and generate additional revenues by enabling partner transactions, such as shopping and food ordering. The Netphone uses a software update technology that can update the platform and applications continually over the air. Such updates allow the operator and its business partners to extend service reach and reduce development costs. The differential update technology reduces network bandwidth usage during updates. When it ships in July, the Netphone is expected to be the first phone that builds on the WAC (Wholesale Applications Community) specifications. On top of the WAC runtime, Smart has added its own Looking Glass technology for advanced device and network integration. In developing the Netphone, Smart has used an ‘agile’ development process. Rather than following the traditional RFI/RFQ ‘waterfall’ software procurement process, Smart has established joint operational and RD teams with its suppliers . The teams iterate continuously on the Netphone applications through three-month cycles of development, testing and user feedback. Initial rollout goals are modest, with Smart planning to sell 200,000 Netphones by the end of 2011, with plans to address the mass-market with sub-$100 phones in 2012. We believe that Smart’s Netphone offers three important lessons for the operator community. First, Smart has focused on its core services (messaging, address book, and mobile money), leaving all other applications to business partners. Second, rather than use the traditional RFI/RFQ software procurement process, Smart has pursued an ‘agile’ development process with three-month develop-learn-fix cycles. Third, over-theair software updates mean new services can reach Smart’s entire base of deployed Netphones faster.  © VisionMobile 2011 3 Case study: Smart’s Netphone Smart Communications: sophisticated services in an unsophisticated market Smart Communications is a wholly owned subsidiary of PLDT (the Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company). PLDT is the leading fixed line telecoms provider in the Philippines, having been established for over 80 years. As the wireless division of PLDT, Smart Communications has 46M wireless subscriptions, which puts Smart within the top-20 operators globally by number of subscribers. In the Philippines, Smart has just over 50% market share. It competes with Global and Sun Cellular in a market that’s nearing saturation, with 88% mobile penetration at the end of 2010. Smart has a record of service innovation that is akin to what operators in North America and Europe have achieved in more developed markets. Smart has one of the widest service portfolios among global mobile operators, including mobile payments, mobile banking, money transfer, mobile streaming TV, maps, push email and propositions for niche segments (e. g. MomsClub). Data services currently make up just over 50% of Smart revenues, as of Q1 2011, with the majority coming from the one billion SMS texts being sent each day. Smart Money, a service that allows users to pay for goods by transferring money from their bank account, was launched in 2001, and counts more than 8. million customers. However, like many operators in developing economies, Smart is in a low-ARPU, prepaid market. Some 99% of Smart subscriptions are pre-paid, with the blended, pre-paid ARPU reported at just 169 pesos ($3. 9 USD) in Q1 2011. Overall wireless revenues for Q1 2011 were 21 billion pesos ($486 million). Faced with decreasing ARPU in a competitive market, Smart has embarked on a handset-led strategy to increase its revenues by bringing over-the- top services to the mass market of pre-paid customers. The Smart Netphone The Smart Netphone presents a new series of mobile phones and tablets developed by Smart, aimed at bringing smart devices and services to the mass market. The first device expected to launch in July, 2011 is a rebranded, revamped ZTE Blade. This is the same handset that has been rebranded by Orange UK as the San Francisco and priced at 99 GBP (around $160) without contract, and not dissimilar to the Vodafone Smart handset by Huawei priced at 90 EUR (around $130). Although Smart has not announced pricing, we expect its Netphones to target image-conscious, affluent Filipinos willing to spend an estimated $120-$140. VisionMobile 2011 4 Case study: Smart’s Netphone Smart plans to launch flagship aspirational handsets in 2011, followed by devices across a wider spectrum of price points in 2012. Given that 70% of phones sold in the Philippines are priced below the $100 mark, this is the critical price point that Netphones will have to hit. â€Å"[The Netphone] is a strategic move to define what you do after voice and text. † Orlando B. Vea Chief Operating Adviser Smart Communications A full line-up of Netphones will launch on Android 2. (Froyo) handsets from ZTE and Huawei, with feature phone handsets to follow at lower price points. The phone follows widget specifications from the Wholesale Applications Community (WAC) initiative, in addition to Smart’s Looking Glass technology stack, described later. The Netphone comes with a suite of widget-like applications on the phone’s home screen that provide access to Smart and partner services: Balance Check for prepaid users, which comprise 99% of Smart’s subscription base Unified Chat, allowing users to message their contacts with emoticons and video animations. Chat integrates with Yahoo Messenger and Facebook Sender Pays Email, which follows the SMS cost paradigm, but adds richer emoticons and video expressions to the messages Connected Address Book, which integrates the user’s address book with Gmail and Facebook contacts Global Directory, which integrates local Yellow Pages, and lists all users who use the Netphone (subject to privacy settings) Social radio, which lets users share an FM station with a friend and tune into it in parallel Smart Money, a service that allows users to pay for goods directly from their bank account or credit card Emergency app, which offers one button calling to a doctor or other contact that can be assigned by the user Partner apps like Jollibee (the number one fast-food chain in the Philippines), which allows users to browse the food menu, check out special offers, and order and pay for food delivery, directly from their phone. Behind the scenes: the making of Netphone The Netphone is not just an experiment for Smart. â€Å"It’s a strategic move to define what you do after voice and text,† according to Orlando B. Vea, Smart Communications’ chief operating adviser, and founding member of the company. The Netphone represents a major effort for the operator, with a team 300 staff developing the phone series over the last 18 months, together with an array of tens of partners across six countries.  © VisionMobile 2011 5 Case study: Smart’s Netphone As a phone series, the Netphone hits several firsts: it’s the first phone to be based on WAC widget specifications (see next section); it’s the first fully customized handset from a mobile operator in an emerging economy; and, along with the Orange San Francisco and Vodafone Smart, it’s one of the first attempts to sell smartphones to prepaid users. Since the concept phase almost two years ago, the Netphone series has had several design goals: Besides increasing own service revenues, the Netphone generates revenues by enabling partner transactions. For example, Smart gets a percentage of the revenue from every Jollibee fast food delivery transaction. a price point that customers can afford; around 70% of the phones in the Philippines are priced under $100 ease of use; the phone had to be extremely easy to use, appealing to voice and text users accustomed to feature phone menus services bundled; the Netphone had to come pre-bundled with communication and partner services that differentiated the phone the phone series had to support Smart’s evolving service strategy, rather than just the services included at handset launch The Netphone has been designed with tangible revenue goals as well. Besides increasing own service revenues for Smart, the Netphone generates revenues by enabling partner transactions. For example, Smart gets a percentage of the revenue from every Jollibee fast food delivery transaction. In designing the Netphone, Smart knew it faced a formidable challenge. In the Philippines, the average lifespan of a phone is five years compared to three years in Indonesia and around six months for a high-end Android phone. That meant that Smart needed to come up with an evolving consumer proposition that stays relevant and fresh over time. Smart’s design team knew that offering an inexpensive data phone was not enough. They needed to build on existing usage paradigms beyond voice and text. The Netphone uses the address book as a cornerstone for connecting into social networks and partner services, as well as for chatting and texting. Smart lined up several partners to realize the Netphone concept, including ZTE and Huawei (handsets), Qualcomm (Android chipset platform), IBM, Oracle, Huawei (back-end integration) and Red Bend Software (software management over the air). According to Smart, a key design decision has been using a software update technology that allows the Netphone platform and applications to be updated continually over the air (OTA). With the OTA update technology, Smart can minimize the runtime age of the WACbased platform runtime, ensuring that its Netphone applications run on the latest version of the platform. This addresses a common challenge faced by mobile application developers, who must port new applications to older runtimes. For example, about 25% of active Android handsets run on platform versions that are more VisionMobile 2011 6 Case study: Smart’s Netphone than 18 months out of date, according to Google data released in May 2011. Similarly, 20% of existing Apple 3GS devices ha d not yet been upgraded to the latest platform version two months after the introduction of iOS4, according to app analytics firm Localytics. In the case of the Netphone, the runtime is updated continuously across the life of the device. Computational delta technology is used to deliver updates that are a fraction of the size of full application or widget packages. The OTA update technology is similar to firmware over the air (FOTA) updating, but works at a component level. Thus, it allows OEMs to decouple their own applications and user experience from the underlying Android firmware base, which opens the door to agile differentiation on Android by both OEMs and network operators. Note that the same over-the-air update technology can be used across incremental runtime updates, Netphone application updates, as well as the entire Android-based firmware. Moreover, the OTA software management solution allows Smart and its partners to target the entire installed base of Netphones, by remotely installing applications posthandset-launch rather than waiting for users to discover these applications on their own. Updates can be also scheduled during quiet periods, so that they don’t clog the network. Building on WAC technology The Netphone series includes the first phones based on specifications defined by the Wholesale Applications Community (WAC). Launched in February 2010, WAC is a cross-operator initiative aiming to develop a cross-device platform and app store framework to drive operator services. Since its foundation, WAC has amassed 34 operator members and 39 other partners, bringing in a total of over $10 million in annual funding. Smart has a seat on the board of directors of WAC, alongside Vodafone, ATT, China Mobile, NTT DoCoMo and other major telcos. The Netphone represents an important breakthrough for an industry initiative that has been criticized for its slow device rollout. For Smart, WAC represents an industry-endorsed software platform on top of which its partners can build HTML-based applications (also known as widgets). Moreover, widgets are familiar to a broad base of web developers, who are accustomed to HTML or JavaScript development. On top of the WAC widget specifications, Smart has layered its Looking Glass, a device and network technology umbrella that implements the array of Smart services on the Netphone. On the device side, Looking Glass includes technology that WAC does not yet cover, such as over-the-air software updating (based on OMA DM SCOMO standard) and additional access into device capabilities like FM radio. On the network side, the Looking Glass technology umbrella provides access into Smart’s services, such as connected address book, advanced messaging, email integration, location-based services and Smart Money. Smart’s network APIs extend the GSMA One API specifications by adding XMPP for advanced messaging, billing payment, and SIMencrypted (DUKPT) transactions.  © VisionMobile 2011 7 Case study: Smart’s Netphone Short tail strategy Smart is an atypical innovator—a top-20 mobile operator in a region dominated by prepaid subscribers. Rather than take the conventional route of long-tail apps on Android, Smart’s app strategy has three tiers: 1. ‘Massively relevant’ services such as voice and emotive messaging, which Netphone has developed in-house An RFP or waterfall development process clearly wouldn’t work here. † Alex Ibasco Chief Innovation Officer Smart Communications 2. ‘Significantly relevant’ services s uch as food, healthcare and media, where Netphone apps are developed by leading brands in the Philippines market 3. ‘Uniquely relevant’ services, where Smart is planning to adopt a long tail strategy open to all web developers With the launch of the Netphone, Smart has invested heavily in its own ‘massively relevant’ services as well as ‘significantly relevant’ services from business partners. â€Å"We are partnering with established businesses in the Philippines that have existing brand relationships to end users. The Netphone becomes a platform from which those partners can reach the Filipino consumer, and from which Filipinos can interact with their favourite brands,† according to Alex Ibasco, chief innovation officer at Smart. The agile telco: What other operators can learn from Smart Many telcos have ventured into the world of handset software to deliver their own services and differentiated user experience. The most well-known examples are Vodafone (Live! , VFX, VSCL, 360), Orange, Verizon and, of course, DoCoMo. Smart also has had a tradition of developing services in-house, including Smart Money and its own airtime pre-loading solution. Yet, Smart has taken a different approach from most operators. That approach offers three important lessons for the operator community. First, rather than deploying own-brand services exclusively, the operator has focused squarely on business partners with established consumer brands. It has allowed brands to deliver local consumer differentiation, and to share revenue on transactions. In so doing, it has provided brands with an additional channel to consumers. Second, the operator has used an agile development process. Rather than set specifications in stone at the beginning of the project, Smart’s featured Netphone applications have been iterating continually through a cycle of development, testing and user feedback. Moreover, rather than use the traditional RFI/RFQ ‘waterfall’ software procurement process, Smart has established joint operational and RD teams with its many suppliers for Netphone, and has adapted the software specifications during the course of the Netphone project. The project has already cycled through four iterations, averaging once every 3 months. Another iteration is planned before launch. â€Å"An RFP or waterfall development process  © VisionMobile 2011 8 Case study: Smart’s Netphone clearly wouldn’t work here,† comments Ibasco, who has been a key proponent of the Netphone project since its inception. Third, the over-the-air software update mechanism allows Smart to deploy new features and updates throughout the lifetime of the device. It also allows Smart to extend its addressable market for new services to the entire base of deployed Netphones, not just the most recent line-up of handsets shipped. Initial rollout goals are modest, with Smart planning to sell 200,000 Netphones by the end of 2011. Assuming Smart can hit sub-$100 price points in early 2012, it has a chance to rapidly ramp up these volumes, and address a substantial portion of its 46M subscriptions base. For now, the operator community is looking at the Smart initiative with anticipation; Netphone marks the latest telco attempt at innovating in the era of software, by building on both the telco (WAC) and software (Android) worlds. .  © VisionMobile 2011 9 knowledge. passion. innovation.

Read This Before Applying to an Economics PhD Program

Read This Before Applying to an Economics PhD Program I recently wrote an article about the types of people who shouldnt pursue a Ph.D. in economics. Dont get me wrong, I love economics. Ive spent a majority of my adult life in the pursuit of knowledge in the field studying around the world and even teaching it at the university level. You may love studying economics, too, but a Ph.D. program is an entirely different beast that requires a very specific type of person and student. After my article was published, I received an email from a reader, who just happened to be a potential Ph.D. student.   This readers experience and insights into the economics Ph.D. program application process were so on point that I felt the need to share the insights. For those considering applying to a Ph.D. program in Economics, give this email a read. One Students Experience Applying to an Economics Ph.D. Program Thanks for the graduate school focus in your recent articles.  Three of the challenges you mentioned [in your recent article] really hit home: American students have a comparative disadvantage for selection compared to foreign students.The importance of math cannot be overstated.Reputation is a huge factor, especially that of your undergraduate program. I applied unsuccessfully to Ph.D. programs for two years before conceding that I might not be ready for them. Only one, Vanderbilt, gave me even a wait-list consideration. I was a little embarrassed at being shunned. My mathematics GRE was 780. I had graduated at the top of my class with a 4.0 GPA in my economics major and completed a statistics minor. I had two internships: one in research, one in public policy. And accomplished this all while working 30 hours a week to support me. It was a brutally hard couple of years. The Ph.D. departments I applied to and my undergraduate adviser all pointed out: I attended a small, regional public university, and our professors spent significant time with students to the detriment of their own publishing.Though I took a heavy load of statistics coursework, I only had two terms of calculus.I had never been published; not even in an undergraduate journal.I aimed for highly-ranked schools in the Midwest like Illinois, Indiana, Vanderbilt, Michigan, Wisconsin, Washington University in St. Louis, but neglected schools on the coasts, which might have seen me as a more diverse candidate. I also made what many considered a tactical error: I went to talk with the graduate programs before I applied. I was later told that this is a taboo and seen as schmoozing. I even talked at length with the director of one program. We ended up talking shop for two hours and he invited me to attend presentations and brown bags whenever I was in town. But soon I would learn that he would be ending his tenure to take a position at another college, and would no longer be involved in the approval process for that program. After going through these obstacles, some suggested I prove myself with a Masters Degree in Economics first. I had originally been told that many schools pick top candidates immediately after undergraduate, but this new advice made sense because departments commit considerable resources to their Ph.D. candidates and want to make sure their investment will survive first-year exams. With that path in mind, I found it interesting that so few departments offer a terminal Masters in Economic. Id say about half as many as those that offer only the terminal Ph.D. Fewer still offer an academic Masters - most of these are professional programs. Still, Im glad it gives me a chance to dig deeper into research and see if Im ready for Ph.D. research. My Response   This was such a great letter for many reasons. First, it was genuine. It wasnt a why didnt I get into a Ph.D. program rant, but a personal story told with thoughtful insights. In fact, my experience has been nearly identical, and I would encourage any undergraduate student considering pursuing a Ph.D. in economics to take this readers insights to heart. I, myself,  was in a Masters program (at Queens University in Kingston, Ontario, Canada) before I entered my Ph.D. program. Today, I must admit that I wouldnt have survived three months as a Ph.D. student had I not attempted an MA in Economics first.

What are the effects if the government implement of Good-and-Services Essay

What are the effects if the government implement of Good-and-Services Tax (GST) in Hong Kong with the aim of broaden the tax base in Hong Kong - Essay Example Usually the problem arises because it is politically difficult to lower the demand for expenditure growth and to raise revenue to match government’s tendency to spend more and more. Almost all political systems, democracies included, have this problem. Fortunately for Hong Kong, the Basic Law provides a kind of constitutional limitation of budget deficits. According to professor William Baumol, â€Å"another reason that the public spending tend to rise faster than revenues stems from the fact that the most important component of public spending is civil service remuneration†(Fiscal Issues) Sometimes, volatility can mask what is essentially a structural issue. In a good year, when revenue increases, so does spending. In a bad year, however spending does not decrease when revenue does. If spending always grew to match growth in revenue, over time, spending would exceed revenue. This volatility is really structural imbalance between spending and revenue. Baumol further sta tes, â€Å"the rising share of public expenditure in GDP and the faster growth of recurrent spending over recurrent revenue are the main structural problems with the Hong Kong budget†(Fiscal Issue) In some countries – as for instance, most of the European countries – the reforms consists of a gradual process of adaptation. As a consequence the tax systems in operation in the 30 OECD member countries today are fundamentally different from those which operated in the mid-1980’s.

Analysis of the president campaign through market research possess Essay - 1

Analysis of the president campaign through market research possess - Essay Example In the process, they will also be able to choose the electors who will represent their respective states in the Electoral College. With just around 30 days left to the U.S presidential elections, it is important to analyze the presidential campaign of each of the main presidential contenders using a market research analysis process. This paper will also discuss the main voter constituencies as well as the strengths and weaknesses of each of the presidential candidate before finally predicting the winner. The primary objective of this market research analysis is to develop a logical interpretation of the data regarding the potential electoral victory of any of the two main presidential contenders in the forth coming elections. The analysis will also evaluate and measure the attitudes of voting behavior of the U.S population and finally use this analysis to predict the likely winner of the November 2012 presidential elections. The analysis of the presidential campaign using market research process was through a number of methods that sought to determine the opinion of both the U.S citizens and interested parties all over the world on the November 6 U.S presidential elections. One of the key methods used was online review of recent publications regarding the key issues of the forthcoming elections as well as the strengths and weaknesses of each of the top contenders. Another method that was employed was an analysis of the social media profiles of the two main candidates to provide important insights into what the voters and supporters are saying about them, as well as the likely key issues that may shape the forthcoming elections. The Twitter and Facebook account data of both president Obama and his top challenger Mitt Romney were closely followed and recorded as shown below (Summers 4). The data collected from both the social media analysis and the online literature review revealed a significant

Culturally Competent Nursing in an Ever Changing Diverse World Essay Example for Free

Culturally Competent Nursing in an Ever Changing Diverse World Essay In nursing and healthcare the issue of culture is more pronounced than anywhere else. This is because many people various ethnic, religious, racial and cultural backgrounds come forth to hospitals and healthcare centres in search of health solutions. Due to these cultural disparities, patients often fail to receive quality services because of practices that are lacking in cultural competence. Cultural competence in nursing and healthcare refers to the efficiency with which a healthcare provider is able to offer quality service in a cross-cultural setting thus enhancing the system’s or institution’s capacity to function in effective manners (Dolhun, E. P. et al 2003). Culture influences an individual’s values, perceptions, beliefs and opinions. It influences how patients respond to healthcare givers and the medication prescribed to them. Therefore it is very important that nurses and other medical practitioners seek to improve their awareness towards the issues raised by cultural diversity in order to improve on service delivery. This paper examines ways in which a nurse can be more culturally competent. It also examines the opportunities in the work place and nursing school that requires culturally focused health practices. Additionally the paper discusses the issues of self-assessment and client assessment that is geared towards the delivery of culturally competent health solutions. Importance of Culture to Nursing. The US is comprised of the most culturally diverse population. A big percentage of the world’s ethnic, religious and cultural groups are represented in this population. This has created a most unique opportunity as well as challenge to many organizations in the service delivery sector. This is because people from all cultures get ill at one point in time and they have to seek treatment. Nurses are thus presented with patients from very diverse cultural backgrounds. Culture influences how different people will respond to the different ways of health service delivery, interventions and treatment (Dolhun, E. P et al. 2003). It is therefore important for nurses to move towards achieving cultural competence in order to effectively deal with the challenges that come with the cultural reality. Because of the demographic situation in America service providers are under pressure to provide more culturally correct services. The nursing profession cannot be left behind and therefore the need to comply with the changing needs is overwhelming. Language limitations are also another issue of concern in attaining cultural competence. Ethical Factor One ethical principle that guides nurses in their endeavour to provide culturally appropriate care is the appreciating that everyone regardless of their cultural persuasion is entitled to receive quality health care. Cultural differences can influence the caregiver’s prejudices and bias towards a patient (Galanti G. A. 1997). In a similar way a patient can misconstrue the caregiver’s actions and words. This can serve to lower the quality of care given to this particular patient. Professional ethics require that there be no form of discrimination in the provision of health care but in a situation where there is prejudice on either party, then the quality of care is compromised. Similarly what is considered ethical may have serious consequences when viewed from a cultural context. A fitting example is when the doctor feels obliged to divulge some information to a patient or a certain member of the family, because in some cultures it is believed that giving certain information to a sick person is unacceptable, the doctors ‘ethical’ actions may be viewed in very bad light Nurse’s responsibility Nurses are usually supposed to care for the general well being of a patient, they ought to be able to understand and empathize with the patient in order to cater for their physical and emotional needs. On an individual level, a nurse has a responsibility to learn the practices that are in accordance to cultural competence. It is important that nurses should have an attitude that goes further than just learning acceptable cultural behaviours. Nurses must be motivated by compassion to the patients and driven by moral responsibility (Tervalon M. Murray-Garcia J. 1998). This allows them to display a genuine concern and is thus motivated to internalize harmonious attitudes towards achieving cultural competence. In a hospital setting a nurse is required to be able to anticipate the issues that may arise due to cultural disparities and lack of proficiency in certain languages. They are also to understand the others’ points of view as well as appreciating the strengths and weaknesses of these points of view. In addition to this, respecting the cultural differences is key to the ability to provide culturally appropriate care. Since the issues raised by cultural diversity are multi-faceted in nature, they require a holistic approach that calls for a total overhaul in the nurses’ ways of thinking. There is no one culture that is the standard of what is good or bad and therefore an open mind is important as nurses move towards delivering health care that exemplifies cultural competence. Achieving this kind of competence is only possible if one comes to self-awareness and recognizes their own values, beliefs, opinions, prejudices and biases (Dolhun, E. P. 2003). From here, they can be able to understand how they respond to different points of view from other. Inorder to come to self-awareness one needs to examine their own cultural and environmental backgrounds. An underlying ethnocentricity is part most people where one is protective and to an extent defensive when it comes to cultural differences (Switzer, G. E et al 1998). However in the nursing practice each nurse should be flexible and work towards developing skills of responding to varied cultural settings and situations. Nursing Schools Similarly in nursing schools one is required to meet most of the aforementioned standards. In addition to that communication skills are developed in school. Learning to communicate effectively in a cultural context entails being open-minded, respectful and shunning any form of prejudice or bias (Robins, L. et al 1998). It is a great opportunity to learn form and about other cultures. Other communication skills that are essential are listening skills that enable one to establish a rapport with the others. Language skills also play an important role in communication and as such each student nurse has a responsibility to learn other languages. Ofcourse it is not possible to learn all the languages there are but one can do their best and that is what is required of them. In the same way nurses should have skills that would enable them to assess the patient in a cultural context. This would entail finding out as much detail on the patient as possible. It would help to understand their ethnic background, socio-economic class, religion, age group and other social entities that they identify with. Learning about their experiences could also aid in establishing biases. Impact of culture on health care In the year 2010 more than 45% of all patients in the US will come from minority cultures. This is due to immigration that is the greatest contributor to the cultural diversity (Tervalon M. Murray-Garcia J. 1998). The health sector has realized the reality of these facts and medical practitioners are now given incentives to encourage them to take up learning on cultural diversity. This is changing the entire medical profession. Many initiatives have been put in place in order to bridge health differences that exist between minority groups and the white Americans. The existence of cultural difference may impact negatively on the care given. Cultural factor do affect the response to the different methods of treatment and diagnosis. Some ideas are perceived differently in different cultures and in some extreme cases family members can react in ways that may seem bizarre in the western world. Conclusion The issue of culture is increasingly attaining great importance with the ever-changing cultural mixture. The provision of healthcare is now taking cognizance of the effects of culture on the delivery of these vital services. It has been realized that cultural differences have been an impact on the quality of care given. Nurses and other medical practitioner are now under increased pressure to attain cultural competence in order to achieve high standards of quality. This paper opines the achievement of an all round cultural competence is a long journey. It will take a collective as well as an individual effort to achieve. Nurses have a personal responsibility to seek to understand the cultural factor. Additionally each one of them needs to appreciate their moral duty to seek self-awareness inorder to understand their own behaviour in response to other people with a differing opinion. Respect and a non-judgemental attitude are important if one is to overcome the ethnocentricity that is part of every human being. This awareness cultivates interest and inquiry. Once this point has been reached cultural differences will be viewed as learning opportunities that will spur personal growth. Reference Dolhun, E. P. Munoz, C. and Grumbach, K. (2003). Cross-cultural education in U. S. medical schools: Development of an assessment tool. Academic Medicine. Galanti G. A. (1997). Caring for Patients from Different Cultures: Case studies from American hospitals. 2nd ed. University of Philadelphia Press. Philadelphia, PA. Riddick S. (1998). Improving access for limited English-speaking consumers: A review of strategies in health care settings. J Health Care Poor Underserved. Supp vol 9: Robins, L. S. Alexander, G. L. , Wolf, F. M. , Fantone, J. C. , Davis, W. K. (1998). Development and evaluation of an instrument to assess medical students cultural attitudes. Journal of the American Medical Women’s Association, Switzer, G. E. Scholle, S. H. , Johnson, B. A. , Kelleher, K. J. (1998). The Client Cultural Competence Inventory: An instrument for assessing cultural competence in behavioral managed care organizations. Journal of Child and Family Studies, Tervalon M. Murray-Garcia J. (1998). Cultural humility versus cultural competence: A critical distinction in defining physician training outcomes in multicultural education. J Health Care Poor Underserved.

Pro Assisted Suicide Essay -- Death With Dignity euthanasia

Death With Dignity Today, American society is obsessed with the young and successful and their endless pursuit of beauty, fame, and fortune. People are bombarded with images of youth in movies, music, and ads for ordinary items such as toothpaste. Advertisers create the illusion that people can forever defer death by plastering ?anti-aging? across drugstore aisles to sell their products. In the search for eternal youth, people become desensitized to the importance of life?s inevitable end. Every day, countless people quietly pass away after long and painful struggles with terminal illnesses, and their loved ones are often reduced to helpless observers. Terminally ill patients are not merely a statistic; they are mothers, fathers, children, friends, and lovers who leave behind many distraught loved ones in death. By continuing to prohibit assisted suicide, the law denies many terminally ill patients the peaceful death they desire. Instead, patients must waste away slowly and endure constant pain, unless they have powerful and expensive medications to dull their senses. However, no amount of medication can remedy emotional pain, and patients sometime feel helpless and alone because death is their only release from suffering (Girsh 3). The law cannot rightfully ignore the special circumstances of terminal illnesses and deny people a dignified death simply because they retain brain function. Terminally ill patients need an option to prevent spending their final days, months, or years painfully deteriorating as they approach their inevitable deaths. Throughout the controversy, the public has focused on moral aspects of assisted suicide and overlooked the fact that one form has already been in practice for nine ye... ...situation of terminally ill patients over their personal convictions and abolish the boundaries keeping them from having a peaceful end to their lives. Works Cited ?2-to-1 Majorities Continue to Support Rights to Both Euthanasia and Doctor-Assisted Suicide.? The Harris Poll 9 January 2002 Death with Dignity National Center. 2006. 27 March 2006 . Girsh, Faye. ?Patients Should Be Given More Control Over Their Deaths.? USA Today March 2000. Levinson, Sanford. ?Assisted Suicide Should be Legalized.? The Nation 21 July 1997. Oregon Department of Human Services Report, 1994-1005. Oregon Department of Human Services. 2006. 27 March 2006 ?Physician Assisted Suicide: Legislative Statute.? Oregon Department of Human Services. 2006. 21 March 2006 . Pro Assisted Suicide Essay -- Death With Dignity euthanasia Death With Dignity Today, American society is obsessed with the young and successful and their endless pursuit of beauty, fame, and fortune. People are bombarded with images of youth in movies, music, and ads for ordinary items such as toothpaste. Advertisers create the illusion that people can forever defer death by plastering ?anti-aging? across drugstore aisles to sell their products. In the search for eternal youth, people become desensitized to the importance of life?s inevitable end. Every day, countless people quietly pass away after long and painful struggles with terminal illnesses, and their loved ones are often reduced to helpless observers. Terminally ill patients are not merely a statistic; they are mothers, fathers, children, friends, and lovers who leave behind many distraught loved ones in death. By continuing to prohibit assisted suicide, the law denies many terminally ill patients the peaceful death they desire. Instead, patients must waste away slowly and endure constant pain, unless they have powerful and expensive medications to dull their senses. However, no amount of medication can remedy emotional pain, and patients sometime feel helpless and alone because death is their only release from suffering (Girsh 3). The law cannot rightfully ignore the special circumstances of terminal illnesses and deny people a dignified death simply because they retain brain function. Terminally ill patients need an option to prevent spending their final days, months, or years painfully deteriorating as they approach their inevitable deaths. Throughout the controversy, the public has focused on moral aspects of assisted suicide and overlooked the fact that one form has already been in practice for nine ye... ...situation of terminally ill patients over their personal convictions and abolish the boundaries keeping them from having a peaceful end to their lives. Works Cited ?2-to-1 Majorities Continue to Support Rights to Both Euthanasia and Doctor-Assisted Suicide.? The Harris Poll 9 January 2002 Death with Dignity National Center. 2006. 27 March 2006 . Girsh, Faye. ?Patients Should Be Given More Control Over Their Deaths.? USA Today March 2000. Levinson, Sanford. ?Assisted Suicide Should be Legalized.? The Nation 21 July 1997. Oregon Department of Human Services Report, 1994-1005. Oregon Department of Human Services. 2006. 27 March 2006 ?Physician Assisted Suicide: Legislative Statute.? Oregon Department of Human Services. 2006. 21 March 2006 .

Blown to Bits Essay

Technology has rapidly advanced, affecting standards on privacy, telecommunications, and criminal law. Every day, we encounter unexpected consequences of data flows that could not have happened a few years ago. Due to the bits explosion, the world changed very suddenly. Almost everything is stored in a computer somewhere. Court records, grocery purchases, precious family photos, radio programs†¦ It is all being reduced to zeroes and ones – â€Å"bits.† The bits are stashed on disks of home computers and in the data centers of big corporations and government agencies. The disks can hold so many bits that there is no need to pick and choose what gets remembered. So much disk storage is being produced every year that it could be used to record a page of information, every minute or two, about you and every other human being on earth. Once something is on a computer, it can replicate and move around the world in a heartbeat. Making a million perfect copies takes but an instant – copy of things we want everyone in the world to see, and also copies of things that weren’t meant to be copied at all. Due to instantaneous transfers, some data leak. Credit card records are supposed to stay locked up in a data warehouse, but escape into the hands of identity thieves. And we sometimes give information away just because we get something back for doing so. A company will give you free phone calls to anywhere in the world—if you don’t mind watching ads for the products its computers hear you talking about. The book presents 7 ‘koans’ or principles regarding the bits and the effect of it on humanity. Koan 1: Even though your computer seems to present pictures, texts, songs, and videos, they are all composed of bits. Everything that’s digital are ruled by bits. Even as we speak, bits are flying through the airwaves by our phones. Koan 2: Every copy made by a computer is perfect. The era of books  being handwritten oftentimes resulting to mistakes, has now been closed by digital explosion. And even though these machines do fail as long as the bits have been communicated, the probability of error of the bits is so slim. Koan 3: Vast as world-wide data storage is today, five years from now it will be ten times as large. Yet the information explosion means, paradoxically, the loss of information that is not online. Outdated software and information not stored in the computer are usually assumed as inexistent. Koan 4: The speed of a computer is usually measured by the number of basic operations, such as additions, that can be performed in one second. The fastest computers available in the early 1940s could perform about five operations per second. The fastest today can perform about a trillion. Koan 5: Exponential growth is actually smooth and steady; it just takes very little time to pass from unnoticeable change to highly visible. In the rapidly changing world of bits, it pays to notice even small changes, and to do something about them. Koan 6: Data stored will all be kept forever, unless there are policies to get rid of it. The Internet consists of millions of interconnected computers; once data gets out, there is no getting it back. Victims of identity theft experience daily the distress of having to remove misinformation from the record. It seems never to go away. Koan 7: In the bits world, in which messages flow instantaneously, it sometimes seems that distance doesn’t matter at all. The instantaneous communication of massive amounts of information has created the misimpression that there is a place called â€Å"Cyberspace,† a land without frontiers where all the world’s people can be interconnected as though they were residents of the same small town. The book introduces two basic morals. The first is that information technology is inherently neither good nor bad—it can be used for good or ill, to free us or to shackle us. Second, new technology brings social change, and change comes with both risks and opportunities. Any technology can be used for good or ill. Nuclear reactions create electric power and weapons of mass destruction. The same encryption technology that makes it possible for you to email your friends with confidence that no eavesdropper will be able to decipher your message also makes it possible for terrorists to plan their attacks undiscovered. The key to managing the ethical and moral consequences of technology while nourishing economic growth is to regulate the use of technology without  banning or restricting its creation.